Co-operation in A Public Task (The Hamburg Doctrine) as a Limitation for the use of Public Procurement and the Award of Concession Contracts Rules in the Light of the EU and National Law

EU legislation foresees two exceptions from the use of rules of public procurement. Beside the in-house/vertical cooperation (the Teckal doctrine), the Court has also developed in its rulings the so called Hamburg doctrine, which applies to horizontal cooperation between the contracting authorities.